For a subscript we will use the <sub> tag, as you can see:
html<p>This is a <sub>subscript text</sub></p>
This is a subscript text
The subscript tag, same as the superscript tag can be used at writing the mathematical expressions. Still, the place where we mostly find it is the chemical formulas.
html<p>
H<sub>2</sub>0 - Water<br />
O<sub>2</sub> - Oxygen<br />
CO<sub>2</sub> - Carbon dioxide<br />
H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> - Sulfuric acid
</p>
H20 - Water
O2 - Oxygen
CO2 - Carbon dioxide
H2SO4 - Sulfuric acid
As you can see in the example presented above its use is very practical.